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Definition (Infimum And Supremum)
When a set $S$ is bounded below, there are infinitely many lower bounds. The infimum of $S$ is the greatest lower bound, which we write as $\inf S$. So if $S$ is a set, then we write $m=\inf S$ if and only if both
- $m$ is a lower bound for $S$, and
- $m$ is the greatest lower bound for $S$ (if $m'$ is another lower bound, then $m\geq m'$).
When a set $S$ is bounded above, there are infinitely many upper bounds. The supremum of $S$ is the least upper bound, which we write as $\sup S$. So if $S$ is a set, then we write $m=\sup S$ if and only if both
- $m$ is an upper bound for $S$, and
- $m$ is the least upper bound for $S$ (if $m'$ is another upper bound, then $m\leq m'$).